Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of a methanol extract from <i>Stachys brachyclada</i> de Noé ex Coss. leaves

Stachys brachyclada de Noé ex Coss. (Lamiaceae) is a quite rare medicinal plant endemic to the Mediterranean basin. In this study, seven secondary metabolites from methanol extract of its leaves have been isolated and identified by combination chromatographic spectroscopic methods (1D 2D NMR experiments ESIMS analysis). They include one ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (1), three acylated flavone glycosides (2–4), diapigenin derivative (5) two aglycones (6–7). Stachysetin was found major compound (74.0 mg/g dry matter). Moreover, produced showed ability in inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme (IC50 = 13.7 µg/mL), quenching radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (EC50 74.6 reducing intracellular oxidative stress level Human Dermal Fibroblast (64% inhibition at 50 µg/mL).